Bond Shear Strength of Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Laminated Wood Based on Adhesive Type and Bonding Plane

Irvin Dayadi; Luciana Hagi; Resta Rene Mondina; Kusno Yuli Widiati; Sri Asih Handayani; Isna Yuniar  Wardhani

doi:10.55927/ijis.v5i9.66

Authors

Irvin Dayadi University of Mulawarman
Luciana Hagi University of Mulawarman
Resta Rene Mondina University of Mulawarman
Kusno Yuli Widiati University of Mulawarman
Sri Asih Handayani University of Mulawarman
Isna Yuniar Wardhani University of Mulawarman

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/ijis.v5i9.66

Keywords:

Adhesive, Bonding Plane, Bond Shear Strength, Glulam, Sungkai

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the bond shear strength of sungkai glued laminated timber (glulam) subjected to three adhesive treatments (A), namely polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), epoxy, and polyester adhesives, and two bonding plane orientations (B), namely radial–radial (R–R) and tangential–tangential (T–T). The bond shear strength was tested in accordance with the BS EN 14080:2013 and JAS 234:2007 standard. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a two-way 3 × 2 factorial design in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 15 replication for each treatment, followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test for mean comparison. The ANOVA results showed that the adhesive type (A), bonding plane orientation (B), and their interaction (AB) had highly significant effects on the bonding shear strength of sungkai glulam. Based on adhesive type, the highest mean bond shear strength was obtained with PVAc adhesive (a1), at 5.70 N/mm², followed by epoxy adhesive (a2), at 5.20 N/mm², while the lowest value was obtained with polyester adhesive (a3), at 2.33 N/mm². The tangential–tangential bonding plane orientation (b2) resulted in a higher mean bond shear strength of 5.73 N/mm² compared with the radial–radial orientation (b1), which yielded 3.09 N/mm². The results showed that the combination of PVAc adhesive and tangential–tangential bonding-plane orientation (a1b2) produced the highest bond shear strength, at 9.52 N/mm², thereby satisfying the minimum requirements of 4.8 N/mm² specified in BS EN 14080:2013 and 5.4 N/mm² specified in JAS 234:2007. In contrast, polyester adhesive failed to meet the requirements of either standard for both bonding-plane combinations

References

British Standards European Norm. 2013. BS EN 14080:2013. Glued Laminated Timber and Glued Solid Timber. Swedish Standards Institute.

Bogner, B., Dagher, H., & O’Neill, S. (2001, October 3). Bonding E-glass to Wood Using a Modified Polyester Resin. Conference: Composite Fabricators Association.

Cahyono, T. D., Wahyud, I., Priadi, T., Febrianto, F., & Ohorella, S. (2017). Sudut Kontak dan Keterbasahan Dinamis Kayu Samama pada Berbagai Pengerjaan Kayu. Jurnal Teknik Sipil ITB, 4(3), 209–216.

Dayacipta. (2022). Mengenal Kayu Sungkai dan Keunggulannya. https://dayacipta.co.id/dnews/44/mengenal-kayu-sungkai-dan-keunggulannya.html

Dumanauw, J. F. (2007). Mengenal kayu (6th ed.). Penerbit Kanisius. Jakarta.

Hakim, A. R. (2003). Pengaruh Sambungan Terhadap Sifat Mekanis Laminasi Bambu Lengkung Untuk Tujuan Penggunaan. Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB), Bogor.

Japanese Agricultural Standard. 2007. JAS 234:2007. Japanese Agricultural Standard for Glued Laminated Timber. Notification No. 1152, September 25, 2007, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Japan.

Kementerian LHK. (2020). Vademecum Kehutanan Indonesia 2020. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan.

Li, R., Lan, C., Wu, Z., Huang, T., Chen, X., Liao, Y., Ye, L., Lin, X., Yang, Y., Zheng, Y., Xie, Y., & Zhuang, Q. (2017). A novel particleboard using unsaturated polyester resin as a formaldehyde-free adhesive. Construction and Building Materials, 148, 781–788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.203

Nurrachmania, M., Rozalina, & Sidabukke, S. (2020). Kualitas Laminasi Kayu Akasia (Accacia mangium) Menggunakan Perekat Isosianat. Menara Ilmu, 14(2), 57–67.

Pujianto, B. (2023). Analisa Kekuatan Tarik Kayu Akasia Dan Sungkai Sebagai Material Kayu Alternatif Pada Lambung Kapal Kayu Tradisional. Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin, 14(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v14i1.656

Putra, W. W. (2025). Perbedaan Antara Resin Epoxy Dengan Resin Polyester. Binus University. Jakarta.

Rofii, M., Prasetyo, V., Listyanto, T., Primaningtyas, A., Suranto, Y., Prayitno, T., & Widyorini, R. (2022). Sifat Papan Laminasi Kayu Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn) dengan Variasi Pola Gergajian Lamina dan Arah Lapisan. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, 16, 101–107. https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.v16i1.1739

Ruhendi, S., Koroh, D. N., Syamani, F. A., Yanti, H., Nurhaida, S. S., & Sucipto, T. (2007). Analisis Perekatan Kayu. In Bogor: Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.

Ryanto, M., Nurhadi, L., Nurhanifan, R., Tinambunan, V., & Belakang, L. (2020). Kajian kuat tekan beton polimer dengan menggunakan pasir pantai sebagai pengganti agregat halus dan genteng jatiwangi sebagai agregat kasar. Jurnal Techno-Socio Ekonomika, Universitas Sangga Buana YPKP, 13(2), 81–89.

Setiawan, F., Sulaeman, R., & Yoza, D. (2014). Karakteristik Kayu Lapis Dari Bahan Baku Kayu Karet (Hevea braziliensis Muell. Arg) Berdasarkan Umur Pohon. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau, 1(1), 1–11.

Somadona, S., Sribudiani, E., & Elsa Valencia, D. (2020). Karakteristik Balok Laminasi Kayu Akasia (Acacia mangium) Dan Meranti Merah (Shorea leprosula) Berdasarkan Susunan Lamina dan Berat Labur Perekat Styrofoam. Wahana Forestra: Jurnal Kehutanan, 15(2), 53–64. https://doi.org/10.31849/forestra.v15i2.5039

Suardika, I. M. A. Y., Widyana, I. N. S., & Artana, I. W. (2023). Balok Laminasi Kombinasi Bambu Petung (Dendroclamus asper) Dan Bambu Ater (Gigantochloa atter) Sebagai Bahan Konstruksi Alternatif. 19(1).

Subuh, I. M., Yasin, I., & Sulistyorini, D. (2020). Tinjauan Kuat Lentur Balok Laminasi Mekanik Kayu Glugu dan Kayu Sengon. Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 5(2), 53–60.

Sugiman, S. (2014). Pengaruh Kadar Air Awal Kayu Jati Dan Suhu Curing Perekat Pada Kekuatan Geser Sambungan Kayu Jati (Tectona grandis) Secara Perekatan. Dinamika Teknik Mesin, 4(2), 96–102.

Supraptono, B. (2014). Perekatan Kayu, Perannya Dalam Industri Kayu (L. Y. Inayatuzzahrah (ed.); First Edit). Mulawarman University Press.

Tanubrata, M. (2015). Bahan - bahan konstruksi dalam konteks teknik sipil. Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 11(65), 132–154.

Utomo, R. B., & Dayadi, I. (2023). Pengaruh Jenis Perekat dan Pengerjaan Permukaan Bidang Rekat Terhadap Keteguhan Geser Rekat Laminasi Kayu Terap (Artocarpus elasticus Reinw. ex. Blume). Jurnal Atomik, 08(2), 71–76.

Wibisono, S. (2004). Pengaruh Jumlah Perekat Terlabur, Jenis Perekat Dan Macam Bidang Rekat Terhadap Sifat-Sifat (Kualitas) Papan Laminasi Kayu Jati. Universitas Gadjah Mada.